Abbott, Edwin Abbott 1838 1926 en 2 30776 Edwin Abbott Abbott (December 20, 1838 – October 12, 1926), English schoolmaster and theologian, is best known as the author of the mathematical satire and religious allegory Flatland (1884). Abbott was the eldest son of Edwin Abbott (1808–1882), headmaster of the Philological School, Marylebone, and his wife, Jane Abbott (1806–1882). His parents were first cousins. He was educated at the City of London School and at St John's College, Cambridge, where he took the highest honours in classics, mathematics and theology, and became fellow of his college. In 1862 he took orders. After holding masterships at King Edward's School, Birmingham, and at Clifton College, he succeeded G. F. Mortimer as headmaster of the City of London School in 1865 at the early age of twenty-six. He was Hulsean lecturer in 1876. He retired in 1889, and devoted himself to literary and theological pursuits. Dr. Abbott's liberal inclinations in theology were prominent both in his educational views and in his books. His Shakespearian Grammar (1870) is a permanent contribution to English philology. In 1885 he published a life of Francis Bacon. His theological writings include three anonymously published religious romances - Philochristus (1878), Onesimus (1882), and Sitanus (1906). More weighty contributions are the anonymous theological discussion The Kernel and the Husk (1886), Philomythus (1891), his book The Anglican Career of Cardinal Newman (1892), and his article "The Gospels" in the ninth edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica, embodying a critical view which caused considerable stir in the English theological world. He also wrote St Thomas of Canterbury, his Death and Miracles (1898), Johannine Vocabulary (1905), Johannine Grammar (1906). Flatland was published in 1884. Source: Wikipedia Achard, Amédée 1814 1875 fr 3 1998 Louis Amédée Eugène Achard, né à Marseille le 19 avril 1814 et décédé à Paris en 1875, est un romancier français. Après un court séjour près d’Alger, où il dirige une ferme, puis à Toulouse au cabinet du Préfet, Amédée Achard est journaliste à Marseille au "Sémaphore" pour lequel il écrit nombre d’articles, billets et chroniques. Arrivé à Paris il écrit pour le "Vert-Vert" puis à l’"Entracte", au "Charivari" et enfin pour le journal l’"Époque". Achard écrit énormément pour lui et même pour ses collègues journalistes en panne d’inspiration. Il collabore ensuite au journal satyrique "le Pamphlet". Il provoque en duel un dénommé Fiorentino qui l’avait diffamé. Au cours de ce duel, il est gravement blessé. Encore convalescent il part en Italie avec l’armée française pour couvrir la guerre pour le "Journal des Débats". Achard écrit énormément. En plus de son activité (surabondante) de journaliste, il trouve le temps d’écrire une trentaine de pièces de théâtre et une quarantaine de romans. Amédée Achard est connu pour ses romans de cape et d’épée. On lui prête à tort la paternité de cette expression (en fait Ponson du Terrail l’avait employée un peu avant lui), mais l’écriture du roman éponyme (La cape et l’épée) en 1875 en a fait un des pères du genre. Il était admiré en cela par Alexandre Dumas lui-même. Outre ces romans d’action, Achard a aussi beaucoup écrit de romans populaires de mœurs, considérés aujourd’hui comme des romans à l’eau de rose. Source: Wikipedia Adams, Andy 1859 1935 en 6 5559 Andy Adams was born in Indiana. His parents, Andrew and Elizabeth (Elliott) Adams, were pioneers. As a boy he helped with the cattle and horses on the family farm. In the early 1880s he went to Texas, where he stayed for 10 years, spending much of that time driving cattle on the western trail. In 1890 he left the trail to try his hand at business, but the venture failed, so he turned his hand to gold-mining in Colorado and Nevada. In 1894, he settled in Colorado Springs, where he lived until his death. He began writing at the age of 43, publishing his most successful book, The Log of a Cowboy, in 1903. His other works include A Texas Matchmaker (1904), The Outlet (1905), Cattle Brands (1906), Reed Anthony, Cowman: An Autobiography (1907), Wells Brothers (1911), and The Ranch on the Beaver (1927). The Log of a Cowboy is a fictional account of a five-month drive of 3,000 cattle from Brownsville, Texas, to Montana in 1882. But it is firmly based on Adams's own experiences on the trail, and it is considered by many to be the best account of cowboy life in literature. Adams was disgusted by the unrealistic cowboy fiction being published in his day; The Log of a Cowboy was his response. It is still in print, and even modern reviewers consider it a compelling classic. The Chicago Herald said: "As a narrative of cowboy life, Andy Adams' book is clearly the real thing. It carries its own certificate of authentic first-hand experience on every page." In Reed Anthony, Cowman: An Autobiography (1907), Adams breathes life into the story of a Texas cowboy who becomes a wealthy and influential cattleman. The Wells Brothers: The Young Cattle Kings (1911) tells the tale of two orphaned boys who, against all odds and in the face of numerous calamities, establish their own cattle ranch. It was followed by a sequel, The Ranch on the Beaver (1927). Source: Wikipedia Adams, Henry 1838 1918 en 2 710 Henry Brooks Adams (February 16, 1838 – March 27, 1918) was an American journalist, historian, academic and novelist. He is best-known for his autobiographical book, The Education of Henry Adams. He was a member of the Adams political family. Adès, Albert 1893 1921 fr 1 216 Écrivain franco-égyptien, connu pour avoir écrit «Le Livre de Goba le simple». Aimard, Gustave 1818 1883 fr 5 1100 Écrivain français très populaire en son temps, à l'égal de Eugène Sue ou Paul Féval, qui s'était spécialisé dans les récits consacrés à l'ouest américain. Il a écrit une soixantaine de romans. Akutagawa, Ryūnosuke 1892 1927 ja 5 3920 芥川龍之介（あくたがわりゅうのすけ、1892年3月1日 - 1927年7月24日）は、日本の小説家。号は澄江堂主人、俳号は我鬼を用いた。 その作品の多くは短編で、「芋粥」「藪の中」「地獄変」「歯車」など、『今昔物語集』『宇治拾遺物語』などの古典から題材をとったものが多い。「蜘蛛の糸」「杜子春」など、童話も書いた。 1927年7月24日未明、友人にあてた遺書に「唯ぼんやりした不安」との理由を残し、服毒自殺。35歳という年齢であった。後に、芥川の業績を記念して菊池寛が芥川龍之介賞を設けた。戒名は懿文院龍之介日崇居士。 Ryūnosuke Akutagawa (芥川龍之介, Akutagawa Ryūnosuke) (March 1, 1892 - July 24, 1927) was a Japanese writer active in Taishō period Japan. He is regarded as the "Father of the Japanese short story", and is noted for his superb style and finely detailed stories that explore the darker side of human nature. (source: Wikipedia, English/日本語) Alain-Fournier 1886 1914 fr 1 3632 Alas, Leopoldo 1852 1901 es 1 2401 ALAS, LEOPOLDO (Zamora, 1852-Oviedo, 1901). Conocido por el seudónimo de «Clarín», forma con Pérez Galdós la pareja de grandes novelistas españoles del siglo XIX. Comparable a su labor de novelista es la desarrollada como cuentista, y la periodística: crítica, teoría literaria y temas políticos. http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/bib_autor/Clarin/biografia.shtml Alcott, Louisa May 1832 1888 en 3 28172 Louisa May Alcott (November 29, 1832 – March 6, 1888) was an American novelist. She is best known for the novel Little Women, which she wrote in 1868. This novel was loosely based on her childhood experiences with her three sisters. Source: Wikipedia Alighieri, Dante 1265 1321 it 2 82304 Durante degli Alighieri, better known as Dante Alighieri or simply Dante, (May 14/June 13, 1265 – September 13/14, 1321) was an Italian poet from Florence. His central work, the Commedia (The Divine Comedy), is considered the greatest literary work composed in the Italian language and a masterpiece of world literature. He was the first Italian to have his works published. Source: Wikipedia Allain, Marcel 1885 1970 fr 2 3007 Marcel Allain (1885-1970) was a French writer mostly remembered today for his co-creation with Pierre Souvestre of the fictional arch-villain and master criminal Fantômas. The son of a Parisian bourgeois family, Allain studied law before becoming a journalist. He then became the assistant of Souvestre, who was already a well-known figure in literary circles. In 1909, the two men published their first novel, Le Rour. Investigating Magistrate Germain Fuselier, later to become a recurring character in the Fantômas series, appears in the novel. Then, in February 1911, Allain and Souvestre embarked upon the Fantômas book series at the request of publisher Arthème Fayard, who wanted to create a new monthly pulp magazine. The success was immediate and lasting. After Souvestre’s death in February 1914, Allain continued the Fantômas saga alone, then launched several other series, such as Tigris, Fatala, Miss Téria and Férocias, but none garnered the same popularity as Fantômas. In 1926, Allain married Souvestre’s girl-friend, Henriette Kistler. In total, Allain wrote more than 400 novels in his prolific career. Allais, Alphonse 1854 1905 fr 1 4712 Alphonse Allais est un journaliste, écrivain et humoriste français célèbre à la Belle Époque. Surtout connu pour sa plume acerbe et son humour absurde, il est l'auteur méconnu des premières peintures abstraites : ses monochromes Combat de nègres dans une cave, pendant la nuit, Récolte de la tomate sur le bord de la mer rouge par des cardinaux apoplectiques, etc., présentés au Salon des Arts Incohérents, précédent d'une génération le Carré blanc sur fond blanc de Kasimir Malevitch, généralement considéré comme le premier exemple en la matière. Il est aussi, bien avant John Cage ou Erwin Schulhoff, l'auteur de la première composition musicale minimaliste : sa Marche Funèbre composée pour les Funérailles d'un grand homme sourd, est une page de composition vierge, parce que « les grandes douleurs sont muettes ». Allen, Robert en 1 855 Andersen, Hans Christian 1805 1875 da 3 9790 Hans Christian Andersen (April 2, 1805 – August 4, 1875) was a Danish author and poet, most famous for his fairy tales. Among his best-known stories are "The Steadfast Tin Soldier", "The Snow Queen", "The Little Mermaid", "Thumbelina", "The Little Match Girl", "The Ugly Duckling" and "The Red Shoes". During Andersen's lifetime he was feted by royalty and acclaimed for having brought great enjoyment to a whole generation of children throughout Europe. His fairy tales have been translated into more than 150 languages and they continue to be published in millions of copies all over the world. His fairy tales have inspired the creation of numerous films, theater plays, ballets and film animations. Anderson, Poul William 1926 2001 en 4 7330 Poul William Anderson (November 25, 1926–July 31, 2001) was an American science fiction author who wrote during a Golden Age of the genre. Poul Anderson also authored several works of fantasy. He received a degree in physics from the University of Minnesota in 1948. He married the former Karen Kruse in 1953. They had one daughter, Astrid, who is married to the science fiction author Greg Bear. He was the sixth President of Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America, taking office in 1972. He was also a member of the Swordsmen and Sorcerers' Guild of America, a loose-knit group of Heroic Fantasy authors founded in the 1960s, some of whose works were anthologized in Lin Carter's Flashing Swords! anthologies. In addition, he was a founding member of the Society for Creative Anachronism. He died of cancer on July 31, 2001, after a month in the hospital. Source: Wikipedia Anonymous en 4 5603 Appleton, Victor en 26 23639 Victor Appleton was a house pseudonym used by the Stratemeyer Syndicate, most famous for being associated with the Tom Swift series of books. Ghostwriters of these books included Howard Roger Garis, John W. Duffield, W. Bert Foster, Debra Doyle with James D. Macdonald, F. Gwynplaine MacIntyre, Robert E. Vardeman, and Thomas M. Mitchell. Source: Wikipedia Apuleius, Lucius 123 125 el 1 4966 Archer, Lee en 1 780