Wharton, Edith 1862 1937 en 21 51344 Edith Wharton (January 24, 1862 – August 11, 1937) was an American novelist, short story writer, and designer. Freeman, R. Austin 1862 1943 en 21 32621 R(ichard) Austin Freeman (April 11, 1862 London - September 28, 1943 Gravesend) was a British writer of detective stories, mostly featuring the medico-legal forensic investigator Dr Thorndyke. He invented the inverted detective story and used some of his early experiences as a colonial surgeon in his novels. A large proportion of the Dr Thorndyke stories involve genuine, but often quite arcane, points of scientific knowledge, from areas such as tropical medicine, metallurgy and toxicology. Austin Freeman was the youngest of the five children of tailor Richard Freeman and Ann Maria Dunn. He first trained as an apothecary and then studied medicine at Middlesex Hospital, qualifying in 1887. The same year he married Annie Elizabeth with whom he had two sons. He entered the Colonial Service and was sent to Accra on the Gold Coast. In 1891 he returned to London after suffering from blackwater fever but was unable to find a permanent medical position, and so decided to settle down in Gravesend and earn money from writing fiction, while continuing to practice medine. His first stories were written in collaboration with Dr John James Pitcairn (1860-1936), medical officer at Holloway Prison and published under the nom de plume "Clifford Ashdown". His first Thorndyke story, The Red Thumb Mark, was published in 1907 and shortly afterwards he pioneered the inverted detective story, in which the identity of the criminal is shown from the beginning: some short stories with this feature were collected in The Singing Bone in 1912. During the First World War he served as a Captain in the Royal Army Medical Corps and afterwards produced a Thorndyke novel almost every year until his death in 1943. Source: Wikipedia Henry, O. 1862 1910 en 12 20054 O. Henry was the pen name of American writer William Sydney Porter (September 11, 1862 – June 5, 1910). O. Henry short stories are known for wit, wordplay, warm characterization and clever twist endings. James, Montague Rhodes 1862 1936 en 2 4133 Montague Rhodes James, OM, MA, (August 1, 1862 – June 12, 1936), who used the publication name M. R. James, was a noted British mediaeval scholar and provost of King's College, Cambridge (1905–1918) and of Eton College (1918–1936). He is best remembered for his ghost stories which are widely regarded as among the finest in English literature. One of James' most important achievements was to redefine the ghost story for the new century by dispensing with many of the formal gothic trappings of his predecessors, and replacing them with more realistic contemporary settings. Schnitzler, Arthur 1862 1931 de 1 2032 "Er war als Dramatiker ebenso wie als Erzähler ein Meister der intimen psychologischen Analyse und der poetisch-anschaulichen Milieuschilderung. Die mild-ironischen Szenen seines Anatol- Zyklus und das lyrische Volksstück Liebelei, eine stille und zarte Romanze, drücken das Lebensgefühl einer ganzen Generation aus. Mit dem Einakter Der grüne Kakadu und mit der Novelle Leutnant Gustl demonstrierte er überraschende Möglichkeiten des Dramas und der erzählenden Prosa und lenkte damit die deutsche Dichtung auf neue Bahnen." Marcel Reich-Ranicki Barclay, Florence L. 1862 1921 en 1 509 Florence Louisa Barclay (December 2, 1862 - March 10, 1921) was an English romance novelist and short story writer. She was born Florence Louisa Charlesworth in Limpsfield, Surrey, England, the daughter of the local Anglican rector. One of three girls, she was a sister to Maud Ballington Booth, the Salvation Army leader and co-founder of the Volunteers of America. When Florence was seven years old, the family moved to Limehouse in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. In 1881, Florence Charlesworth married the Rev. Charles W. Barclay and honeymooned in the Holy Land where in Shechem they reportedly discovered Jacob's Well, the place where, according to the Gospel of John, Jesus met the woman of Samaria (John 4-5). Florence Barclay and her husband settled in Hertford Heath, in Hertfordshire where she fulfilled the duties of a rector's wife. The mother of eight children, in her early forties health problems left her bedridden for a time and she passed the hours by writing what became her first romance novel titled "The Wheels of Time." Her next novel, The Rosary, a story of undying love, was published in 1909 and its success would eventually see the book translated into eight languages and made into five motion pictures, also in several different languages. According to the New York Times, the novel was the No.1 bestselling novel of 1910 in the United States. The enduring popularity of the book was such that more than twenty-five years later, Sunday Circle magazine serialized the story and in 1926 the prominent French playwright Alexandre Bisson adapted the book as a three-act play for the Parisian stage. Florence Barclay wrote eleven books in all, including a work of non-fiction. Her 1910 novel, "The Mistress of Shenstone," was made into a 1921 silent film of the same title. Her short story, Under the Mulberry Tree appeared in the special May 11, 1911 issue called "The Spring Romance Number" of the Ladies Home Journal. Florence Barclay died in 1921 at the age of fifty-eight. "The Life of Florence Barclay; a study in personality" was published that year by G. P. Putnam's Sons without the author's name, labeled only as "by one of Her Daughters." Source: Wikipedia Vos, Geerhardus 1862 1949 en 1 402 Geerhardus Johannes Vos (March 14, 1862 – August 13, 1949) was an American Calvinist theologian and one of the most distinguished representatives of the Princeton Theology. He is sometimes called the father of Reformed Biblical Theology.