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<favorites xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">
  <list id="3">
    <dc:title>Utopia/Dystopia</dc:title>
    <dc:identifier>http://www.feedbooks.com/list/3</dc:identifier>
    <dc:description>&lt;p&gt;A list of utopia/dystopia books.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Utopia is a fictional island near the coast of the atlantic ocean written about by Sir Thomas More as the fictional character Raphael Hythloday (translated from the Greek as &quot;knowing in trifles) recounts his experiences in his travels to the fictional island with a perfect social, legal, and political system. It may be used pejoratively, to refer to a society that is unrealistic and impossible to realize. It has also been used to describe actual communities founded in attempts to create an ideal society.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;A dystopia is a fictional society that is the antithesis of utopia. It is usually characterized by an oppressive social control, such as an authoritarian or totalitarian government.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Some academic circles distinguish between anti-utopia and dystopia. As in George Orwell's 1984 and Aldous Huxley's Brave New World, a dystopia does not pretend to be good, while an anti-utopia appears to be utopian or was intended to be so, but a fatal flaw or other factor has destroyed or twisted the intended utopian world or concept.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Source: Wikipedia&lt;/p&gt;</dc:description>
    <favorites>16</favorites>
    <items>36</items>
  </list>
  <author id="221">
    <name>Bloy, L&#233;on</name>
    <birth>1864</birth>
    <death>1917</death>
    <language>fr</language>
    <books>2</books>
    <downloads>4037</downloads>
    <biography>&lt;p&gt;L&#233;on Bloy (P&#233;rigueux, 11 juillet 1846 - Bourg-la-Reine, 3 novembre 1917) est un romancier et essayiste fran&#231;ais.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Il est le deuxi&#232;me des sept gar&#231;ons de Jean-Baptiste Bloy, fonctionnaire franc-ma&#231;on des Ponts et Chauss&#233;es, et d&#8217;Anne-Marie Carreau, une ardente catholique.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Ses &#233;tudes au lyc&#233;e de P&#233;rigueux sont m&#233;diocres : retir&#233; de l&#8217;&#233;tablissement en classe de 4&#232;me, il continue sa formation sous la direction de son p&#232;re, qui l&#8217;oriente vers l&#8217;architecture. Bloy commence &#224; r&#233;diger un journal intime, s&#8217;essaie &#224; la litt&#233;rature en composant une trag&#233;die, Lucr&#232;ce, et s&#8217;&#233;loigne de la religion. En 1864, son p&#232;re lui trouve un emploi &#224; Paris. Il entre comme commis au bureau de l&#8217;architecte principal de la Compagnie ferroviaire d&#8217;Orl&#233;ans. M&#233;diocre employ&#233;, Bloy r&#234;ve de devenir peintre et s&#8217;inscrit &#224; l&#8217;&#201;cole des Beaux-Arts. Il &#233;crit ses premiers articles, sans toutefois parvenir &#224; les faire publier, et fr&#233;quente les milieux du socialisme r&#233;volutionnaire et de l&#8217;anticl&#233;ricalisme.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;En d&#233;cembre 1868, il fait la rencontre de Jules Barbey d&#8217;Aurevilly, qui habite en face de chez lui, rue Rousselet. C&#8217;est l&#8217;occasion pour lui d&#8217;une profonde conversion intellectuelle, qui le ram&#232;ne &#224; la religion catholique et le rapproche des courants traditionalistes.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;En 1870, il est incorpor&#233; dans le r&#233;giment des &#171; Mobiles de la Dordogne &#187;, prend part aux op&#233;rations de l&#8217;arm&#233;e de la Loire et se fait remarquer par sa bravoure. D&#233;mobilis&#233;, il rentre &#224; P&#233;rigueux en avril 1871.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Il retourne &#224; Paris en 1873, o&#249;, sur la recommandation de Barbey d&#8217;Aurevilly, il entre &#224; &#171; L&#8217;Univers &#187;, le grand quotidien catholique dirig&#233; par Louis Veuillot. Tr&#232;s vite, en raison de son intransigeance religieuse et de sa violence, il se brouille avec Veuillot et quitte le journal d&#232;s juin 1874. Il est alors engag&#233; comme copiste &#224; la Direction de l&#8217;Enregistrement, tout en &#233;tant le secr&#233;taire b&#233;n&#233;vole de Barbey d&#8217;Aurevilly.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;En 1875, il tente sans succ&#232;s de faire publier son premier texte, La M&#233;duse Astruc, en hommage &#224; son protecteur, puis, sans plus de r&#233;ussite, La Chevali&#232;re de la mort, &#233;tude po&#233;tico-mystique sur Marie-Antoinette. Il se lie avec Paul Bourget et Jean Richepin, qu&#8217;il tente en vain de convertir, et obtient un emploi stable &#224; la Compagnie des Chemins de Fer du Nord.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Sa vie bascule &#224; nouveau en 1877. Il perd ses parents, effectue une retraite &#224; la Grande Trappe de Soligny (premi&#232;re d&#8217;une s&#233;rie de vaines tentatives de vie monastique), et rencontre Anne-Marie Roul&#233;, prostitu&#233;e occasionnelle qu&#8217;il recueille et convertit en 1878. Rapidement, la passion que vivent Bloy et la jeune femme se meut en une aventure mystique, accompagn&#233;e de visions, de pressentiments apocalyptiques - et d&#8217;une mis&#232;re absolue puisque Bloy a d&#233;missionn&#233; de son poste &#224; la Compagnie des Chemins de Fer du Nord.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;C&#8217;est dans ce contexte passablement exalt&#233; que Bloy rencontre l&#8217;abb&#233; Tardif de Moidrey, qui l&#8217;initie &#224; l&#8217;ex&#233;g&#232;se symbolique durant un s&#233;jour &#224; la Salette, avant de mourir brusquement. L&#8217;&#233;crivain dira plus tard de ce pr&#234;tre qu&#8217;il tenait de lui &#171; le meilleur &#187; de ce qu&#8217;il poss&#233;dait intellectuellement, c&#8217;est-&#224;-dire l&#8217;id&#233;e d&#8217;un &#171; symbolisme universel &#187; que Bloy allait appliquer &#224; l&#8217;histoire, aux &#233;v&#233;nements contemporains et &#224; sa propre vie. D&#232;s cette &#233;poque, il &#233;crit Le Symbolisme de l&#8217;Apparition (posthume, 1925).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;D&#233;but 1882, Anne-Marie commence &#224; donner des signes de folie ; elle est finalement intern&#233;e en juin &#224; l&#8217;h&#244;pital de Sainte-Anne. Bloy est atteint au plus profond de lui-m&#234;me : &#171; Je suis entr&#233; dans la vie litt&#233;raire (&#8230;) &#224; la suite d&#8217;une catastrophe indicible qui m&#8217;avait pr&#233;cipit&#233; d&#8217;une existence purement contemplative &#187;, &#233;crira-t-il plus tard.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;De fait, c&#8217;est en f&#233;vrier 1884 qu'il publie son premier ouvrage, Le R&#233;v&#233;lateur du Globe. L'ouvrage est consacr&#233; &#224; Christophe Colomb, et Barbey d&#8217;Aurevilly signe sa pr&#233;face. Suit en mai un recueil d&#8217;articles : Propos d&#8217;un entrepreneur de d&#233;molitions. Aucun des deux livres n&#8217;a le moindre succ&#232;s. Parall&#232;lement, Bloy se lie avec Huysmans puis avec Villiers de l&#8217;Isle-Adam, se brouille avec l&#8217;&#233;quipe de la revue &#171; Le Chat noir &#187;, &#224; laquelle il collaborait depuis 1882, et entreprend la publication d&#8217;un pamphlet hebdomadaire, &#171; Le Pal &#187;, qui aura cinq num&#233;ros.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;C&#8217;est &#224; cette &#233;poque &#233;galement qu&#8217;il entame la r&#233;daction d&#8217;un premier roman largement autobiographique, Le D&#233;sesp&#233;r&#233;. Le drame v&#233;cu par les deux principaux protagonistes, Ca&#239;n Marchenoir et V&#233;ronique Cheminot, est en fait la transposition de celui de Bloy avec Anne-Marie, une relation o&#249; la sensualit&#233; est peu &#224; peu effac&#233;e par le mysticisme. L&#8217;&#339;uvre est achev&#233;e en 1886, mais l&#8217;&#233;diteur craignant d&#8217;&#233;ventuels proc&#232;s, sa publication n&#8217;a lieu qu&#8217;en janvier 1887, et sans grand &#233;cho.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Bloy commence n&#233;anmoins un nouveau roman, La D&#233;sesp&#233;r&#233;e, premi&#232;re &#233;bauche de La Femme Pauvre. Mais il doit s&#8217;interrompre et se consacrer, pour vivre, &#224; une s&#233;rie d&#8217;articles pour la revue &#171; Gil Blas &#187; (d&#233;cembre 1888-f&#233;vrier 1889).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;La mort de Barbey d'Aurevilly en avril 1889 puis celle de Villiers de l&#8217;Isle-Adam en ao&#251;t l'affectent profond&#233;ment, tandis que son amiti&#233; avec Huysmans se fissure. Elle ne survivra pas &#224; la publication de L&#224;-Bas (1891) o&#249; Bloy se retrouve caricatur&#233;.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Fin 1889, il rencontre Jeanne Molbech, fille d&#8217;un po&#232;te danois. La jeune femme se convertit au catholicisme en mars de l&#8217;ann&#233;e suivante, et Bloy l&#8217;&#233;pouse en mai. Le couple part pour le Danemark au d&#233;but de 1891. Bloy se fait alors conf&#233;rencier. Sa fille, V&#233;ronique na&#238;t en avril &#224; Copenhague (suivront Andr&#233; en 1894, Pierre en 1895 et Madeleine en 1897). En septembre, la famille Bloy est de retour &#224; Paris.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Bloy s&#8217;y f&#226;che alors avec la plupart de ses anciens amis, et commence &#224; tenir son journal intime. En 1892, il publie Le Salut par les Juifs, &#233;crit en riposte &#224; La France Juive de l&#8217;antis&#233;mite Edouard Drumont ; mais sa situation mat&#233;rielle demeure pr&#233;caire, et il doit d&#233;m&#233;nager en banlieue, &#224; Antony. Il reprend alors sa collaboration avec &#171; Gil Blas &#187;, d&#8217;abord pour une s&#233;rie de tableaux, anecdotes et r&#233;cits militaires inspir&#233;s par son exp&#233;rience de la guerre de 1870, puis pour une s&#233;rie de contes cruels. Les premiers formeront Sueur de Sang (1893) ; les seconds deviendront les Histoires d&#233;sobligeantes (1894).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;L&#8217;ann&#233;e 1895 est particuli&#232;rement douloureuse pour Bloy. Chass&#233; de la r&#233;daction du &#171; Gil Blas &#187; suite &#224; une &#233;ni&#232;me pol&#233;mique et ainsi r&#233;duit &#224; la mis&#232;re, il perd ses deux fils Andr&#233; et Pierre tandis que sa femme tombe malade. Il reprend alors la r&#233;daction de La Femme Pauvre. Le roman est finalement publi&#233; en 1897 : comme Le D&#233;sesp&#233;r&#233;, c'est une transposition autobiographique, et un &#233;chec commercial.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;En 1898, il &#233;dite une la premi&#232;re partie de son Journal, sous le titre du Mendiant Ingrat, mais c&#8217;est encore un &#233;chec. Bloy quitte &#224; nouveau la France pour le Danemark, o&#249; il r&#233;side de 1899 &#224; 1900.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;A son retour, il s&#8217;installe dans l&#8217;est parisien, &#224; Lagny-sur-Marne, qu&#8217;il rebaptise &#171; Cochons-sur-Marne &#187;. D&#232;s lors, sa vie se confond avec son &#339;uvre, ponctu&#233;e par de nouveaux d&#233;m&#233;nagements : &#224; Montmartre en 1904, o&#249; il fait la connaissance du peintre Georges Rouault, se lie avec le couple Maritain et le compositeur Georges Auric, puis &#224; Bourg-la-Reine en 1911.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Bloy continue la publication de son Journal : Mon Journal (1904) ; Quatre ans de captivit&#233; &#224; Cochons-sur-Marne (1905) ; L&#8217;Invendable (1909) ; Le Vieux de la Montagne (1911) ; Le P&#232;lerin de l&#8217;Absolu (1914).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Il &#233;dite en recueil les articles qu&#8217;il a &#233;crit depuis 1888, sous le titre Belluaires et Porchers (1905).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Il compose des essais qui sont &#224; mi-chemin entre la m&#233;ditation et le pamphlet, tels que Le Fils de Louis XVI (1900), Je m&#8217;accuse (1900) o&#249; la critique de Zola se m&#234;le &#224; des r&#233;flexions sur l&#8217;Affaire Dreyfus et la politique fran&#231;aise, la premi&#232;re s&#233;rie de L&#8217;Ex&#233;g&#232;se des Lieux Communs (1902), inventaire o&#249; sont analys&#233;es une &#224; une les expressions toutes faites par lesquelles s'exprime la b&#234;tise bourgeoise, ou Les Derni&#232;res Colonnes de l&#8217;Eglise (1903), &#233;tude consacr&#233;e aux &#233;crivains catholiques &#171; install&#233;s &#187; comme Copp&#233;e, Bourget ou Huysmans.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Il poursuit dans cette veine avec L&#8217;&#233;pop&#233;e byzantine (1906), Celle qui pleure (1908), sur l'apparition de la Vierge aux deux bergers de La Salette, Le Sang du Pauvre (1909), L'&#194;me de Napol&#233;on (1912), et la deuxi&#232;me s&#233;rie de L&#8217;Ex&#233;g&#232;se des Lieux Communs (1912).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Profond&#233;ment marqu&#233; par l&#8217;&#233;clatement de la Premi&#232;re Guerre mondiale, il &#233;crit encore Jeanne d&#8217;Arc et l&#8217;Allemagne (1915), Au seuil de l&#8217;Apocalypse (1916), Les m&#233;ditations d&#8217;un solitaire en 1916 et Dans les T&#233;n&#232;bres (posthume, 1918). Il s&#8217;&#233;teint &#224; Bourg-la-Reine entour&#233; des siens.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;De son &#339;uvre, on retient surtout la violence pol&#233;mique, qui explique en grande partie son insucc&#232;s, mais qui donne &#224; son style un &#233;clat, une force et une dr&#244;lerie uniques. Pour autant, l&#8217;inspiration de Bloy est avant tout religieuse, marqu&#233;e par la recherche d&#8217;un absolu cach&#233; au-del&#224; des apparences historiques. Tout, selon Bloy, est symbole : reprenant le mot de Saint Paul, il ne cesse d&#8217;affirmer que &#171; nous voyons toutes choses dans un miroir &#187;, et que c&#8217;est pr&#233;cis&#233;ment la mission de l&#8217;&#233;crivain que d&#8217;interroger ce &#171; grand miroir aux &#233;nigmes &#187;.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Source: Wikipedia&lt;/p&gt;</biography>
  </author>
  <author id="14">
    <name>Wells, H. G.</name>
    <birth>1866</birth>
    <death>1946</death>
    <language>en</language>
    <books>66</books>
    <downloads>345528</downloads>
    <biography>&lt;p&gt;Herbert George Wells, better known as H. G. Wells, was an English writer best known for such science fiction novels as The Time Machine, The War of the Worlds, The Invisible Man and The Island of Doctor Moreau. He was a prolific writer of both fiction and non-fiction, and produced works in many different genres, including contemporary novels, history, and social commentary. He was also an outspoken socialist. His later works become increasingly political and didactic, and only his early science fiction novels are widely read today. Wells, along with Hugo Gernsback and Jules Verne, is sometimes referred to as &quot;The Father of Science Fiction&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Source: Wikipedia&lt;/p&gt;</biography>
  </author>
  <author id="8">
    <name>Zola, Emile</name>
    <birth>1840</birth>
    <death>1902</death>
    <language>fr</language>
    <books>31</books>
    <downloads>66556</downloads>
    <biography>&lt;p&gt;&#201;mile Zola (2 April 1840 &#8211; 29 September 1902) was an influential French novelist, the most important example of the literary school of naturalism, and a major figure in the political liberalization of France.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Source: Wikipedia&lt;/p&gt;</biography>
  </author>
  <author id="107">
    <name>Stendhal</name>
    <birth>1783</birth>
    <death>1842</death>
    <language>fr</language>
    <books>20</books>
    <downloads>36080</downloads>
    <biography>&lt;p&gt;Marie-Henri Beyle (January 23, 1783 &#8211; March 23, 1842), better known by his penname Stendhal, was a 19th century French writer. Known for his acute analysis of his characters' psychology, he is considered one of the earliest and foremost practitioners of the realism in his two novels Le Rouge et le Noir (The Red and the Black, 1830) and La Chartreuse de Parme (The Charterhouse of Parma, 1839).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Source: Wikipedia&lt;/p&gt;</biography>
  </author>
  <author id="13">
    <name>Carroll, Lewis</name>
    <birth>1832</birth>
    <death>1898</death>
    <language>en</language>
    <books>4</books>
    <downloads>133840</downloads>
    <biography>&lt;p&gt;Charles Lutwidge Dodgson (January 27, 1832 &#8211; January 14, 1898), better known by the pen name Lewis Carroll, was an English author, mathematician, logician, Anglican clergyman, and photographer.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;His most famous writings are Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and its sequel Through the Looking-Glass as well as the poems &quot;The Hunting of the Snark&quot; and &quot;Jabberwocky&quot;, all considered to be within the genre of literary nonsense.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;His facility at word play, logic, and fantasy has delighted audiences ranging from children to the literary elite. But beyond this, his work has become embedded deeply in modern culture. He has directly influenced many artists.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;There are societies dedicated to the enjoyment and promotion of his works and the investigation of his life in many parts of the world including North America, Japan, the United Kingdom, and New Zealand.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;His biography has recently come under much question as a result of what some call the &quot;Carroll Myth.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Source: Wikipedia&lt;/p&gt;</biography>
  </author>
  <author id="51">
    <name>Balzac, Honor&#233; de </name>
    <birth>1799</birth>
    <death>1850</death>
    <language>fr</language>
    <books>83</books>
    <downloads>114073</downloads>
    <biography>&lt;p&gt;Honor&#233; de Balzac (May 20, 1799 &#8211; August 18, 1850), born Honor&#233; Balzac, was a nineteenth-century French novelist and playwright. His work, much of which is a sequence (or Roman-fleuve) of almost 100 novels and plays collectively entitled La Com&#233;die humaine, is a broad, often satirical panorama of French society, particularly the petite bourgeoisie, in the years after the fall of Napol&#233;on Bonaparte in 1815&#8212;namely the period of the Restoration (1815&#8211;1830) and the July Monarchy (1830&#8211;1848).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Along with Gustave Flaubert (whose work he influenced), Balzac is generally regarded as a founding father of realism in European literature. Balzac's novels, most of which are farcical comedies, feature a large cast of well-defined characters, and descriptions in exquisite detail of the scene of action. He also presented particular characters in different novels repeatedly, sometimes as main protagonists and sometimes in the background, in order to create the effect of a consistent 'real' world across his novelistic output. He is the pioneer of this style.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Source: Wikipedia&lt;/p&gt;</biography>
  </author>
  <author id="3">
    <name>Proust, Marcel</name>
    <birth>1871</birth>
    <death>1922</death>
    <language>fr</language>
    <books>11</books>
    <downloads>56182</downloads>
    <biography>&lt;p&gt;Proust was born in Auteuil (the southern sector of Paris's then-rustic 16th arrondissement) at the home of his great-uncle, two months after the Treaty of Frankfurt formally ended the Franco-Prussian War. His birth took place during the violence that surrounded the suppression of the Paris Commune, and his childhood corresponds with the consolidation of the French Third Republic. Much of Remembrance of Things Past concerns the vast changes, most particularly the decline of the aristocracy and the rise of the middle classes, that occurred in France during the Third Republic and the fin de si&#232;cle.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Proust's father, Achille Adrien Proust, was a famous doctor and epidemiologist, responsible for studying and attempting to remedy the causes and movements of cholera through Europe and Asia; he was the author of many articles and books on medicine and hygiene. Proust's mother, Jeanne Cl&#233;mence Weil, was the daughter of a rich and cultured Jewish family. Her father was a banker. She was highly literate and well-read. Her letters demonstrate a well-developed sense of humour, and her command of English was sufficient for her to provide the necessary impetus to her son's later attempts to translate John Ruskin.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;By the age of nine, Proust had had his first serious asthma attack, and thereafter he was considered by himself, his family and his friends as a sickly child. Proust spent long holidays in the village of Illiers. This village, combined with aspects of the time he spent at his great-uncle's house in Auteuil became the model for the fictional town of Combray, where some of the most important scenes of Remembrance of Things Past take place. (Illiers was renamed Illiers-Combray on the occasion of the Proust centenary celebrations).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Despite his poor health, Proust served a year (1889&#8211;90) as an enlisted man in the French army, stationed at Coligny Caserne in Orl&#233;ans, an experience that provided a lengthy episode in The Guermantes Way, volume three of his novel. As a young man Proust was a dilettante and a successful social climber, whose aspirations as a writer were hampered by his lack of application to work. His reputation from this period, as a snob and an aesthete, contributed to his later troubles with getting Swann's Way, the first volume of his huge novel, published in 1913.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Proust was quite close to his mother, despite her wishes that he apply himself to some sort of useful work. In order to appease his father, who insisted that he pursue a career, Proust obtained a volunteer position at the Biblioth&#232;que Mazarine in the summer of 1896. After exerting considerable effort, he obtained a sick leave which was to extend for several years until he was considered to have resigned. He never worked at his job, and he did not move from his parents' apartment until after both were dead (Tadi&#233;).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Proust, who was homosexual, was one of the first European writers to treat homosexuality at length.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;His life and family circle changed considerably between 1900 and 1905. In February 1903, Proust's brother Robert married and left the family apartment. His father died in September of the same year. Finally, and most crushingly, Proust's beloved mother died in September 1905. In addition to the grief that attended his mother's death, Proust's life changed due to a very large inheritance he received (in today's terms, a principal of about $6 million, with a monthly income of about $15,000). Despite this windfall, his health throughout this period continued to deteriorate.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Proust spent the last three years of his life largely confined to his cork-lined bedroom, sleeping during the day and working at night to complete his novel. He died in 1922 and is buried in the P&#232;re Lachaise Cemetery in Paris.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Source: Wikipedia&lt;/p&gt;</biography>
  </author>
</favorites>
